1) What is demography?
Demography is a statistical study of the human population
2) In what year did the Australian population reach 20 million? How quickly is the population growing?
Australia's population hit 20 million roughly on the 4th December 2003 and our population growth rate is 2.0%
3) How many Aboriginal people are estimated to have lived in Australia before Europeans arrived?
It is estimated that between 350,000 - 750,000 Aboriginals lived in Australia before the arrival of Europeans
4) What the two main ways the population can grow? What percentage of the population growth in 2010 can be attributed to each way?
Immigration & Fertility rate is how a population can grown. In 2010 47% of child birth 53% immigartion
5) What is the total fertility rate for 2010?
The fertility rate in Australia was 1.9% per woman
6) What was the total fertility rate for Australia in 1935? How does this compare to other years? Why do you think that it compares this way?
The total fertility rate for Australia in 1935 was just above 2.0%. Compared to previous years, the 1935 fertility rate was quite low, however in the late 40's & 50's a population boom struck Australia. The reason why the fertility rate was lower when compared to other years was that the great depression was occurring around 1935.
7) What is the trend in the fertility rate for Australia since 1950?
Since 1950 the fertility rate gradually climbed up however around 1965 the fertility rate started to drop steadily falling to just below 2.0%
8) What is the average size of a family in Australia? How does that compare to the US?
The average size of a family in Australia is 2.8% whereas in the United States it is at 2.59%
Monday, August 22, 2011
Wednesday, August 17, 2011
Are we a racist nation
Are we a racist nation?
1) 1) Graeme Innes who is the Race Discrimination Commissioner
2) 2) Graeme works for a section of government and is designated to Racial Discrimination
3) 3) Graeme says that the start of a racial talk starts with one saying “I’m not a racist, but….”. Yes I have heard someone say they are not a racist but they then continue on in a prejudice manner.
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4) 4) 50%
5) 5) Single cultured society opposite of what Australia is, we are a multi-cultural society
6) 6) A benefit from online technology is a form of globalisation
7) 7) Some unwelcome results of online social media is that bullying becomes easier to do and there are ‘keyboard warriors’ whom say what they like online but can’t say it to someone’s face. Graeme says that racial comments have become twice as common now that we have forms of social media e.g. Facebook
8) 8) The dangerous aspect of racism online is that people say whatever they like because they are not face to face with the individual and that there identity is not revealed.
9) 9) The one thing which will help stop racism online is that if people come together and behave in a well-mannered way and that there is to be monitoring of social networking sites with severe implications if racial comments are made.
10 10) Graeme Innes says that we need to act together, without delay, to eradicate racism and racial inequality in all of its forms to find a solution.
Friday, June 17, 2011
Communities
What is a primary source when doing research? What is a secondary source? Which one is better? When do you use these types of sources?
A primary source is a source or account taken at the time of the event whereas a secondary source is a source or account which is taken after the actual event has occurred. In my opinion I feel primary sources benefit more as they are from the time and you know they are reliable.
What is a primary source for finding population data for Australia? Why?
A primary source for finding population data for Australia would be looking at a government website or database. You would use a government website as they are reliable and would have the most reliable & up to date information. Governments as well conduct census to effectively find the population.
What is the population of Australia?
The current population of Australia is 22,638,336
What is the 'growth rate' of Australia for 2010?
What is the 'growth rate' of Australia for 2010?
The current growth rate of Australia for 2010 and a growth rate of 1.6%
- one birth every 1 minute and 45 seconds,
- one death every 3 minutes and 43 seconds ,
- a net gain of one international migration every 3 minutes and 11 seconds , leading to
- an overall total population increase of one person every 1 minute and 37 seconds .
How many 'new' Australians were there in 2010?
In 2010 there were 345,000 new Australians
How many of the 'new' Australians were born in Australia and how many are immigrants?
185,800 new Australians were immigrants & 1592000
Which state had the greatest growth in population for 2010?
Western Australia had the greatest growth of 2.1%
What changes have you noticed in your area that could be related to growth in population?
The changes I have noticed in my area which can be related to growth in population is that there seem to apartments being built & more congested traffic along main roads.
Is it good that Australia's population continues to grow?
There a arguments for both sides to the growth of population, with the rising growth in population prices of housing will increase, as most of our population is situated along the coastlines of Australia we are heavily populated with not much room left, we would have to improve transport & encourage more people to move further out into the country to effectively work with a growing population
When, in history, has Australia NEEDED the population to grow? Why? Where did these people come from?
Australia has needed a strong population growth back James Cook discovered Australia. They needed to populate Australia so they were able to claim the land as part of the British Empire. The British Empire decided to send thousands & thousands of convicts or people who have decided to move to Australia. They came from all parts of the British Empire however they were mainly Irish or English descendants.
Wednesday, June 8, 2011
Group Member Peer Evaluation
Lachlan Stott
4/5
Work was completed on time - worked hard at start but fell off a bit
Communication was good
Quality of Work - World Map is really amazing lots of info
4/5
Work was completed on time - worked hard at start but fell off a bit
Communication was good
Quality of Work - World Map is really amazing lots of info
Monday, May 16, 2011
2.1 Questions
1) Natural Hazards can be separated into two main categories:
- those related to weather and climatic factors - drought, flood, heat waves, brushfires. strong winds, storms, tropical cyclones and tornadoes.
- those related to movements in the Earth's crust - landslides, earth tremors, earthquakes and tsunamis.
2) A natural hazard effects the area and environment were as a natural disaster effects the people living in and around the area.
3) The two broad categories of natural hazard exist in Australia are Social impacts and Economic impacts.
4) Social impacts
- floods, cyclones, heat waves and brushfires
Economic Impacts
- Floods, cyclones
5) Natural hazards that occur in densely populated areas are more noticeable then hazards that occur elsewhere in Australia because the hazards which occur in densely populated areas effect more people. If an earthquake occurs in a populated area like a city people will be effected. If it happens out in the middle of no where there will be hardly any people effected or not at all be detected.
6) Two impacts drought has on rural farmers is that there is a shortage of water and loss of livestock due to the loss of crops and vegetation.
7) Three categories geographers use to classify the impacts of natural hazards are Social impacts, Economic impacts and Environmental Impacts. An example of a social impact is loss of life, an economic impact is loss of income and an environmental impact is the death or injury to wildlife.
8) Australian communities need to study the impacts of natural hazards so that they can prepare for future hazards and prepare escape plans. By doing they are increasing their chances of survival and the survival of their homes and livestock.
9) GIS is used to map the threat of natural hazards in Australia. They are able to do GIS mapping by using the 2573 postcodes across Australia and gather data on how often a natural hazard occurs in your local area. GIS is a valuable asset as it provides information to various organisations and communities as they plan to deal with the impacts of natural hazards
- those related to weather and climatic factors - drought, flood, heat waves, brushfires. strong winds, storms, tropical cyclones and tornadoes.
- those related to movements in the Earth's crust - landslides, earth tremors, earthquakes and tsunamis.
2) A natural hazard effects the area and environment were as a natural disaster effects the people living in and around the area.
3) The two broad categories of natural hazard exist in Australia are Social impacts and Economic impacts.
4) Social impacts
- floods, cyclones, heat waves and brushfires
Economic Impacts
- Floods, cyclones
5) Natural hazards that occur in densely populated areas are more noticeable then hazards that occur elsewhere in Australia because the hazards which occur in densely populated areas effect more people. If an earthquake occurs in a populated area like a city people will be effected. If it happens out in the middle of no where there will be hardly any people effected or not at all be detected.
6) Two impacts drought has on rural farmers is that there is a shortage of water and loss of livestock due to the loss of crops and vegetation.
7) Three categories geographers use to classify the impacts of natural hazards are Social impacts, Economic impacts and Environmental Impacts. An example of a social impact is loss of life, an economic impact is loss of income and an environmental impact is the death or injury to wildlife.
8) Australian communities need to study the impacts of natural hazards so that they can prepare for future hazards and prepare escape plans. By doing they are increasing their chances of survival and the survival of their homes and livestock.
9) GIS is used to map the threat of natural hazards in Australia. They are able to do GIS mapping by using the 2573 postcodes across Australia and gather data on how often a natural hazard occurs in your local area. GIS is a valuable asset as it provides information to various organisations and communities as they plan to deal with the impacts of natural hazards
2.2 Questions
1) Landslides involve the movement of a mass of rock or sections of the Earth's crust under the force of gravity.
2) Main causes of landslides are natural hazards - heavy rainfall, vibrations from the earthquake or undercutting of banks and cliffs from waves or rivers.
3) Human actions also causes landslides, the building of roads & railways on hillsides make them more vulnerable during heavy rainfall, stripping of vegetation and building man-made hills.
4) Earthquakes are the way earth releases stress. The force of earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale
5) Cause of earthquakes in Australia is intra-plate tension where movements occur along cracks or faults in the Earth's crust.
7) The Newcastle earthquake killed 13 people, injuring more than 120 and 40000 buildings damaged.
8) A landslide occurs by weather - rain, erosion where as an earthquake is large on scale, and a landslide often only travels for a few miles.
9) A tsunami is when an earthquake which occurs under the sea and creates a powerful wave.
10) Three events that will cause a tsunami are earthquake, landslides or volcanos
11) A tsunami is formed when the earth shakes lifting million's of tonnes of water, move in big flat waves across the ocean however in the deep sea under the surface is a big wall of water that can reach 800 kph. Tsunamis became hazardous as they reach shallow water, the tsunami slows down and the wall of water starts building which can reach a height of 30 feet or more.
12) Three warning sings of a tsunami is the sudden re-treat of water, feeling of an earthquake and a large roar of water.
13) The Indian Ocean Tsunami was caused by under ground earthquake measuring 9.3
14) Australia has 23 automated earthquake monitoring stations. It took only 20 minutes for the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake to be detected.
15) As a tsunami enters shallow water they slow down to about 40 kmph, as there is speed behind the the water it starts building up reaching 30 feet in height.
16) The UN responded to the 2004 tsunami by coordinating the development of a tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean
17) Ted Bryant, a Wollongong University geoscience professor studies natural hazards and warns that tsunamis trigged by New Zealand's alpine fault line could strike NSW as often as once every 500 years.
18) i: The approx lat and long of the epi-centre of the 04 tsunami is 15 degrees north & 91 degrees east.
b)i: 2 hours
ii: 9 hours
iii: 5 hours
iv: 10
19) Thredbo Avalanche!
Thredbo was knocked by a devastating earthquake during the peak skiing season however there were luckily no deaths only a few injuries which is a relief for the qualified staff who have never seen an avalanche at Thredbo before.
The landslide has forced the closure of the whole mountain and were not sure how long it will take for the runs to be cleared and open, most luckily they will be closed for a while in case another avalanche occurs.
Many trees were battered down by the fierce force of the avalanche. Ski lifts are also broken, huts destroyed and hospitality areas will need a clean out.
The avalanche will have a big impact on the local community on Thredbo. As it is the peak skiing season the locals are actually going to making and losing money. If people decide to stay a shop owner or a restaurant owner will be bringing in quite a sum however for shop owners who depend on the strong skiing season they will be hurt the most.
The Thredbo avalanche will go down in the books for being the biggest landslide in Australia.
Tim Wells reporting for the NY Times
2) Main causes of landslides are natural hazards - heavy rainfall, vibrations from the earthquake or undercutting of banks and cliffs from waves or rivers.
3) Human actions also causes landslides, the building of roads & railways on hillsides make them more vulnerable during heavy rainfall, stripping of vegetation and building man-made hills.
4) Earthquakes are the way earth releases stress. The force of earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale
5) Cause of earthquakes in Australia is intra-plate tension where movements occur along cracks or faults in the Earth's crust.
7) The Newcastle earthquake killed 13 people, injuring more than 120 and 40000 buildings damaged.
8) A landslide occurs by weather - rain, erosion where as an earthquake is large on scale, and a landslide often only travels for a few miles.
9) A tsunami is when an earthquake which occurs under the sea and creates a powerful wave.
10) Three events that will cause a tsunami are earthquake, landslides or volcanos
11) A tsunami is formed when the earth shakes lifting million's of tonnes of water, move in big flat waves across the ocean however in the deep sea under the surface is a big wall of water that can reach 800 kph. Tsunamis became hazardous as they reach shallow water, the tsunami slows down and the wall of water starts building which can reach a height of 30 feet or more.
12) Three warning sings of a tsunami is the sudden re-treat of water, feeling of an earthquake and a large roar of water.
13) The Indian Ocean Tsunami was caused by under ground earthquake measuring 9.3
14) Australia has 23 automated earthquake monitoring stations. It took only 20 minutes for the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake to be detected.
15) As a tsunami enters shallow water they slow down to about 40 kmph, as there is speed behind the the water it starts building up reaching 30 feet in height.
16) The UN responded to the 2004 tsunami by coordinating the development of a tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean
17) Ted Bryant, a Wollongong University geoscience professor studies natural hazards and warns that tsunamis trigged by New Zealand's alpine fault line could strike NSW as often as once every 500 years.
18) i: The approx lat and long of the epi-centre of the 04 tsunami is 15 degrees north & 91 degrees east.
b)i: 2 hours
ii: 9 hours
iii: 5 hours
iv: 10
19) Thredbo Avalanche!
Thredbo was knocked by a devastating earthquake during the peak skiing season however there were luckily no deaths only a few injuries which is a relief for the qualified staff who have never seen an avalanche at Thredbo before.
The landslide has forced the closure of the whole mountain and were not sure how long it will take for the runs to be cleared and open, most luckily they will be closed for a while in case another avalanche occurs.
Many trees were battered down by the fierce force of the avalanche. Ski lifts are also broken, huts destroyed and hospitality areas will need a clean out.
The avalanche will have a big impact on the local community on Thredbo. As it is the peak skiing season the locals are actually going to making and losing money. If people decide to stay a shop owner or a restaurant owner will be bringing in quite a sum however for shop owners who depend on the strong skiing season they will be hurt the most.
The Thredbo avalanche will go down in the books for being the biggest landslide in Australia.
Tim Wells reporting for the NY Times
Wednesday, May 11, 2011
2.5, 2.6, 2.7 Questions
2.5 Questions
1) Tropical cyclones are violent storms that cause widespread destruction
2) Tropical cyclones occur in Australia but are also known as typhoons in Asian countries
3) North of Pert, coast of Northern Territory and Queensland coastline
4) Six are likely to cross the Australian coastline
5) Other names for cyclones include typhoons and hurricanes
6) Tropical cyclones develop in the tropical regions of the world. Heat from the sun causes warm, moist air to rise into the atmosphere. As the air rises, a low pressure system forms and condensation occurs, which releases latent heat causing the air to rise further into the atmosphere. If the air pressure in the upper atmosphere is high, then the rising column of warm air will spiral outwards in the upper atmosphere and air will rush from the surface to replace it, forming a tropical cyclone.
7) The eye of the storm is calm, clear sky
8) A tropical cyclone is downgraded when it reaches or travels over land
2.6 Questions
1) Cyclone Tracy hit Darwin Christmas morning 1974
2) Set up medical and evacuation centres
3) National Disaster Organisation is a federal body which coordinate the emergency response.
4) It was a large and powerful cyclone heading straight for Darwin, if no evacuation was ordered many more lives would have been lost
5) 80% of population was evacuated
6) Cyclone Tracy has better enabled communities to prepare for hazards as now all buildings have to follow a strict building code in hazard areas and plans are set in case an emergency evacuation is needed.
7) Hurricane Katrina hit the Gulf of Mexico on 29th August 2005. Katrina had two major impacts was that 80% of New Orleans was flooded and leaving 100,000 people without food and water
8) The low lying geographical feature of New Orleans compounded the effects of Hurrican Katrina
9) The criticisms of the response to Hurricane Katrina were very slow, it took days for the FEMA to set up evacuation plans and sent in food and water
10) The NDO responded quite well to cyclone tracy, there was an immediate evacuation of the area and they restored basic services to Darwin, on the other hand the FEMA responded quite poorly to Hurricane Katrina
2.7 Questions
1) 20th March 2006 eye of cyclone crossed the coast near Innisfail.
2) The communities closest to the eye experienced fierce flooding as well as destructive power
3) Public infrastructure are trains, road and air transport, due to the destruction of the
Infrastructure it was hard to transport good into the affected areas
4) 350 million dollars
5) There was an estimated 300 million dollars’ worth of crop lost in it the affected areas, 4000 jobs were gone.
6) Emergency Management Australia and the SES prepare brochures to help people prepare for natural disasters.
7) ADF, government departments and charity and local community groups
8) The above groups assisted with personnel and financial assistance to local residents, business owners and farmers
9) Major General Peter Cosgrove to lead the overall response to Cyclone Larry
10) Flooding was also caused when Cyclone Larry went in land
11) The supply of bananas to capital cities would of fallen and the price of bananas would of wet up dramatically
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